Retraction and Correction

The International Journal of Economics and Development (IJED) is committed to maintaining the integrity, accuracy, and reliability of the scholarly record. The journal follows the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines in handling corrections, retractions, and other post-publication updates.

Corrections

A correction (Erratum or Corrigendum) will be published when a significant error is identified in a published article that affects its accuracy, clarity, or scholarly record but does not invalidate the overall findings or conclusions.

Corrections may be issued for:

  • Errors in author names, affiliations, or correspondence details.
  • Minor errors in figures, tables, or references.
  • Typographical or formatting mistakes that may cause misunderstanding.
  • Other factual inaccuracies that do not compromise the scientific validity of the article.

All corrections will be linked to the original article and will be freely accessible.

Retractions

A published article may be retracted if there is clear evidence that:

  • The findings are unreliable due to data fabrication, data falsification, or significant methodological errors.
  • The article contains plagiarism or substantial unattributed content.
  • The manuscript has been published elsewhere without proper acknowledgment (duplicate or redundant publication).
  • The research involves unethical practices or violates accepted research ethics.
  • There is evidence of manipulated peer review, authorship misconduct, or other forms of publication misconduct.

Retraction decisions are made by the Editor-in-Chief in consultation with the Editorial Board, following a thorough investigation and, where appropriate, communication with the authors and their institutions.

A retracted article will remain available online to preserve the scholarly record but will be clearly marked as "Retracted" on every page.

Expressions of Concern

If there is inconclusive evidence of research or publication misconduct, or if an investigation is ongoing, the journal may publish an Expression of Concern to alert readers while the matter is being resolved.

Article Withdrawal

Authors may request withdrawal of a manuscript before acceptance by notifying the Editorial Office in writing.

Requests for withdrawal after acceptance will only be considered under exceptional circumstances and are subject to the journal's editorial policies.

Ethical Standards

The International Journal of Economics and Development (IJED) adheres to the ethical principles and best practices established by the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) in managing corrections, retractions, and publication integrity.

For more information about COPE, please visit:
https://publicationethics.org/